1. Two materials that can be scratched by an iron mail are ___, ___

2. What is the substance that can be scratched by an iron nail but not a penny?

Please answer

Density is an important property of a material that helps to identify it. In determining the density of an unknown metal, the volume of the metal and the volume of the flask it occupies play a crucial role. Inaccuracies in measuring these parameters can cause errors in the calculated density. In this scenario, two such inaccuracies have been mentioned - less than one quarter of the metal was filled in the flask and the flask was not completely filled with water when determining its volume. In this text, we will discuss the effects of these inaccuracies on the measured density of the unknown liquid and solid.

Effects on Measured Density:

Less than one quarter of metal in the flask:

When the flask was filled less than one quarter with the metal, it means that the volume occupied by the metal in the flask is smaller than what it should have been. This leads to an overestimation of the density of the metal as the numerator in the density equation (mass) remains the same while the denominator (volume) is smaller. This error will be proportional to the extent of the deviation from one quarter - the greater the deviation, the greater the error in the calculated density.

Flask not completely filled with water:

When determining the volume of the flask, it is important to fill it completely with water. The presence of air at the top of the flask results in an underestimation of its volume, leading to an overestimation of the density of the unknown metal. This is because the numerator in the density equation (mass) remains the same, while the denominator (volume) is smaller. The error will be proportional to the volume of the air present in the flask.

In conclusion, these inaccuracies in measuring the volume of the metal and the flask will result in errors in the calculated density of the unknown metal. To minimize these errors, it is important to follow standard procedures when determining density, including filling the flask halfway with the metal and completely with water when measuring its volume.

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The $3,528 will be paid in full if it is collected on May 4. Credit sales are listed as accounts receivable, which is a component of short-term assets, on the balance sheet.

Credit sales are contracts that provide that the entire loan balance will be repaid at a later time. The customer does not pay the whole amount due in cash at the time of the sale, in which case the transaction is a credit sale. What is a credit sales entry? To record the sale of goods on credit, a journal entry known as a credit sales item is used in accounting. The entry is created by debiting the Accounts Receivable account and crediting the Sales account. Briefing: .02 x 3600 = 72 3600-72 = $3,528. Financial analysts can comprehend the relative size of one financial statement account to another using accounting ratios.

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The magnitude of the change in momentum of the 1-kg ball is 6 kg-m/s.

This is because momentum is a vector quantity, and the change in momentum is equal to the difference between the initial and final momentum.

In this case, the initial momentum is 3 kg-m/s to the right, and the final momentum is 3 kg-m/s to the left. Therefore, the change in momentum is 6 kg-m/s.

Momentum is an important concept in physics, and it is useful for understanding the behavior of objects in motion. Momentum is a vector quantity, meaning it has both a magnitude and a direction.

Momentum is defined as the product of an object's mass and its velocity. The magnitude of the momentum of an object is equal to the product of its mass and its speed.

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Gauss’s law is useful for calculating electric fields that are uniform.A closed surface (GS) can be easily find  along which the electric field is uniform.

In material science and electromagnetism, Gauss' regulation, otherwise called Gauss' transition hypothesis, (or once in a while essentially called Gauss' hypothesis) is a regulation relating the dissemination of electric charge to the subsequent electric field. In its basic structure, it expresses that the transition of the electric field out of an erratic shut surface is relative to the electric charge encased by the surface, regardless of how that charge is disseminated. Despite the fact that the law alone is lacking to decide the electric field across a surface encasing any charge dissemination, this might be conceivable in situations where evenness commands consistency of the field. Where no such evenness exists, Gauss' regulation can be utilized in its differential structure, which expresses that the dissimilarity of the electric field is corresponding to the neighborhood thickness of charge.

The law was first[1] figured out by Joseph-Louis Lagrange in 1773,[2] followed via Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1835,[3] both with regards to the fascination of ellipsoids. It is one of Maxwell's four conditions, which frames the premise of old style electrodynamics.[note 1] Gauss' regulation can be utilized to infer Coulomb's law,[4] as well as the other way around.

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According to the question, given differential equation: y + y' = 0.

A differential equation is a mathematical equation that relates some function with its derivatives. It is a way to describe how a function changes over time in terms of its rate of change. Differential equations are used to solve a variety of real-world problems, from predicting weather patterns to describing the motion of planets in the solar system. They are also used to model physical systems such as electrical circuits and mechanical systems.

The order of the given differential equation is 1, and it is a linear equation. This is because the equation is linear in the highest derivative, which is y'. There are no other derivatives or nonlinear terms present in the equation.

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The magnitude of the force exerted by a 250 n/C electric field that points due east is 250 N. The direction of the force is due east.

Calculation:

Force = Electric Field Strength x Charge

F = E x q

F = (250 n/C) x (1 C)

F = 250 N

What is electric field?

Electric field is a physical force field that is created by an electric charge, such as an electron, and exerts a force on other electrically charged objects in its vicinity. Electric fields are the fundamental forces that underlie electricity and magnetism and are responsible for the attraction and repulsion of electrically charged particles.

Therefore, The magnitude of the force exerted by a 250 n/C electric field that points due east is 250 N. The direction of the force is due east.

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A negative charge experiences a force opposite to the direction of the electric field.

electric field, an electric property that is connected to every point in space when any kind of charge is present. The electric field strength, intensity, or simply the electric field is expressed by the value of E, which indicates the magnitude and direction of the electric field.

There is never a point where the field lines meet. The charge's surface is perpendicular to the field lines. Both the quantity of field lines and the magnitude of the charge are proportional to one another.

a negative charge that is in an electric field experiences a force that is

A. opposite to the direction of the electric field.

B. same  to the direction of the electric field.

C. vertical to the direction of electric field.

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Answer:  a. (-x, y) = (r, 90° + θ) , b. (−2x, −2y) = (2r, 180° + θ) , c. (3x, −3y) = (3r, 360°- θ)

What are Polar Coordinates?

Suppose we have a point O on the plane called the origin, let's say the axis through that point - x Axis – Called the polar axis.

Then the polar coordinates (r,θ) describes a point at an angle θ to the x-axis and a distance of r units from the origin. The θ value can be specified in degrees or radians.

The conversion from Cartesian to Polar is:

[tex]r= [x2 + y2]^{1/2}[/tex] and θ = tan-1 y/x

a] P = ( - x, y) is a point in the 2nd quadrant.

So, therefore, (-x, y) = (r, 90° + θ)

b] P = (-2x, -2y) is in the 3rd quadrant

=> R' = [(-2x)2 + (-2y)2] = 2R

therefore, (−2x, −2y) = (2r, 180° + θ)

c] P = (3x, - 3y)

Similarly, R' = 3R

and since this point is in the 4th quadrant (3x, −3y) = (3r, 360°- θ)

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The polar coordinates for the points a. (-x, y) = (r, 90° + θ) , b. (−2x, −2y) = (2r, 180° + θ) , c. (3x, −3y) = (3r, 360°- θ)

What are Polar Coordinates?

Polar coordinates are a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a reference point (the pole) and an angle from a reference direction. It is most commonly used to plot points on a two-dimensional graph.

Suppose we have a point O on the plane called the origin, let's say the axis through that point - x Axis – Called the polar axis.

Then the polar coordinates (r,θ) describes a point at an angle θ to the x-axis and a distance of r units from the origin. The θ value can be specified in degrees or radians.

The conversion from Cartesian to Polar is:

[tex]r = [x2+y2]^{1/2}[/tex] and θ = tan-1 y/x

a] P = ( - x, y) is a point in the 2nd quadrant.

So, therefore, (-x, y) = (r, 90° + θ)

b] P = (-2x, -2y) is in the 3rd quadrant

=> R' = [(-2x)2 + (-2y)2] = 2R

therefore, (−2x, −2y) = (2r, 180° + θ)

c] P = (3x, - 3y)

Similarly, R' = 3R

and since this point is in the 4th quadrant (3x, −3y) = (3r, 360°- θ)

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The loss of an electrical signal over distance as it travels along a conductor due to resistance is referred to as voltage drop. Thus, the correct option is B.

Voltage drop is the decrease of the electric potential along the path of a current which is flowing in an electric circuit. Voltage drops in the internal resistance of the source of an electric circuit, across the conductors, across contacts, and across the connectors of an electric circuit are all  undesirable because some of the energy supplied to it is dissipated.

Voltage drop of the circuit with conductors can be determined by multiplying the current flowing through the electric circuit with the total resistance of the circuit conductors of the electric circuit:

VD = I x R

where, VD = Voltage Drop,

I = Electric current,

R = Resistance.

Therefore, the correct option is B.

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Your question is incomplete, most probably the complete question is:

The loss of an electrical signal over distance as it travels along a conductor

due to resistance is referred to as:

A) its root mean square

B) voltage drop

C) the ampacity rating

D) a ground and bonding system

The resistance of R a cell has an emf of 4.0 V and an internal resistance of 2.0 Ω is 0.8 Ω.

This can be calculated using Ohm's law, which states that the voltage (V) across a resistor is equal to the current (I) multiplied by the resistance (R): V = I x R. Since the ideal voltmeter reads 3.2V, rearranging and solving for R gives R = V/I = 3.2V/4.0A = 0.8Ω. Ohm's law states that the voltage (V) across a resistor is equal to the current (I) multiplied by the resistance (R): V = I x R. This means that if you know the voltage and the resistance, then you can calculate the current, and vice versa. Ohm's law is a fundamental law in electrical engineering and is used to calculate resistance, current, and voltage in electrical circuits.

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The momentum of a particle with rest mass mo and kinetic energy E_kin is given by the equation:

p = sqrt( (mo^2 * c^2) + (2 * mo * c^2 * E_kin / c^2) )

where c is the speed of light.

The momentum of a photon with energy E_γ is given by the equation:

p_γ = E_γ / c

The ratio of the two momenta is:

p / p_γ = sqrt( (mo^2 * c^2) + (2 * mo * c^2 * E_kin / c^2) ) / (E_γ / c)

= sqrt( (mo^2 * c^2) + (2 * mo * c^2 * E_kin / c^2) ) * c / E_γ

= sqrt( (mo^2 * c^4) + (2 * mo * c^2 * E_kin) ) / E_γ

Note that as the particle approaches the speed of light, its momentum approaches infinity, while the momentum of the photon remains constant.

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To convert 70 kilograms to pounds, you must multiply 70 by 2.2046. This is because there are 2.2046 pounds in 1 kilogram.

What is pound ?

Pound is the unit of measurement for weight and mass in the Imperial system of measurement. It is a unit of mass equal to 16 ounces or 0.45 kilograms. It is often used in the United States for measuring the weight of products. Pound is also used in other countries like the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. It is denoted by the symbol "lb". Pound is also used to measure force, where it is equal to a mass of one pound multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity, which is 9.8 m/s2.

Therefore, 70 kilograms is equal to 154.323 pounds.

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In cups, 2 litres equals 8.45351 cups. To get an approximate answer, multiply the volume value by 4.227.

What is the conversion processof litres to cups?

The liter-to-cup conversion factor is 4.2267528198649, which means that 1 litre equals 4.2267528198649 cups:

1 L = 4.2267528198649 cup

To convert 2 litres to cups, multiply 2 by the conversion factor to get the volume amount from litres to cups. To calculate the result, we can also use a simple proportion:

1 L → 4.2267528198649 cup

2 L → V(cup)

To get the volume V in cups, solve the following proportion:

V(cup) = 2 L × 4.2267528198649 cup

V(cup) = 8.4535056397299 cup

As a final result of this,

2 L → 8.4535056397299 cup

We calculate that 2 litres equal 8.4535056397299 cups:

2 liters = 8.4535056397299 cups

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Any object with mass and space-occupying properties is referred to as Anything with mass and space is considered matter.

Both mass and space are occupied by matter. Electromagnetic energy, such as heat, electricity, and other types, has no measured mass and cannot be confined in a volume. Energy can be transformed into matter and vice versa. Energy and matter can frequently be found together.

Air has substance, or mass, therefore it is not merely empty space. The molecules in air move all the time. Air being attracted by Earth's gravity and given weight since it has mass. It exerts pressure because it is heavy and indeed the air are continually rubbing against objects.

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Answer:

To calculate for how long the force of 300 N acts on the object with a mass of 60 kg, you need to calculate the work done by the force using the equation W = F × d, where W is the work done, F is the force and d is the displacement. In this case, the displacement is the difference in velocities (50 m/s - 20 m/s), which is 30 m/s. Therefore, the work done is 300 N × 30 m/s = 9000 Nm. To calculate the time that the force acts, divide the work done by the force: 9000 Nm ÷ 300 N = 30 s. Therefore, the force of 300 N acts on the object for 30 seconds.

For 6 seconds, the force acts on the object.

Speed: The distance traveled by an object per unit time is defined as its speed. Speed is a scalar quantity because it has no direction and only magnitude. The SI unit is meter/second.

Given the following parameters:

F =300N is the resultant force acting on the object.

Object mass: M = 60 kg

As a result,

the object decelerates: a = F/m = 300 N /60kg = 5 m/s2.

Now read

The object's initial speed is u = 50 m/s.

The object's final speed is v = 20 m/s.

Decides the object's speed = u - v = 50 m/s - 20 m/s = 30 m/s.

The deceleration formula is:

deceleration = Decrees in object speed/time taken

Time taken = Decrees in object speed/deceleration

= 30/5 s

= 6s.

As a result, the force acts for 6 seconds.

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The percentage of mass is electrons in carbon-12 is 50, 02%.

Every  element's atomic mass is expressed in terms of the atomic mass unit (AMU or amu). The AMU expresses both the atomic masses and the molecular masses and is commonly  referred to as the dalton (Da) or unified atomic mass unit (u). AMU is explained  as being one-twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom (12C). A carbon-12 atom's mass is precisely 1/12 of an atomic mass unit. The nucleus of an atom of carbon-12 contains six neutrons and six protons. It's written as a.m.u or u. (unified). Atomic masses are expressed using this unit of mass. The average of the neutron rest mass and the proton rest mass is 1 a.m.u. The carbon-12 atom contains 6 protons, neutrons, and electrons. The mass proportion of neutrons is therefore equal to: 6x1.0087/(6x1.0087+6x1.0073+6x5.4858x10^-4)=0.50021110822=50,021110822%.

Solution: 50, 02%.

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A manometer attached to a pressurized nitrogen tank reads 28 inches of mercury. if the atmospheric pressure is 14.4 psia, the absolute pressure in the tank is 28.2 psia.

The atmospheric pressure is 14.4 psia, and the manometer reading is 28 inches of mercury. The difference in pressure between the atmosphere and the pressure in the tank is equal to the difference in height between the liquid levels in the manometer tubes.

1 inch of mercury is equal to approximately 0.491 psia, so 28 inches of mercury is equivalent to:

28 inches * 0.491 psia/inch = 13.788 psia

Therefore, the absolute pressure in the tank is:

14.4 psia + 13.788 psia = 28.188 psia

So, the correct answer is 28.2 psia.

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The lagrange point between a 2×1024 kg planet and its 1×1022 kg moon can be calculated using formula

                        x = d (mE - [tex]\sqrt{mEmM}[/tex])

                             ________________   = 6×10⁸ ([tex]\sqrt{2×10²⁴ - 1×10²⁴}[/tex] ) / 2 * 10^24 - 1* 10 ^22

                               mE    -  mM

So, putting this formula together we get x = (3.844×108m)(0.9).

A line connecting two objects (often planets or stars) is said to have a Lagrange point when the gravitational pull of each object is equal to the other and there is no net gravitational force acting on the item in the middle. Find the Lagrange point between Earth and its moon to demonstrate this concept. Because Earth is so much heavier than the moon, we naturally anticipate that it will be closer to the moon.

Before inserting numbers, we'll complete the most of the work in algebra. We will then have a formula that we can use for other systems as a result.

Initially, the gravitational force between the Earth and a mass m object is calculated, along with the equivalent force owing to the moon.

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The speed increase of the vehicle can be tracked down utilizing the equation: speed increase = (last speed - introductory speed)/time.

The formula is:

vf = vi + at

Where,

vf = 7v/3 (last speed)

vi = v (starting speed)

t = time taken to arrive at the last speed

Reworking the condition, we can track down speed increase (a) as:

a = (vf - vi)/t

We can then substitute the given qualities for vf, vi and t to track down the speed increase.

The speed increase of the vehicle can be tracked down utilizing the equation: speed increase = (last speed - introductory speed)/time. The speed increase can then be utilized to find the uprooting of the vehicle utilizing the equation: relocation = introductory speed * time + 0.5 * speed increase * time^2.

The speed increase of a vehicle can be determined by deciding the adjustment of speed over a specific timeframe, utilizing the condition speed increase = (last speed - introductory speed)/time. This speed increase can then be utilized to compute the vehicle's relocation during that time, utilizing the condition dislodging = introductory speed * time + 0.5 * speed increase * time^2. By knowing the underlying speed, last speed, and time, we can find both the speed increase and uprooting of the vehicle as it goes from v to 7v/3 on the on-ramp to a road.

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The complete question is:

A car travels on the entrance ramp to a freeway as it accelerates from v to the freeway speed of 7v3 in time t. Assume the car moves with constant acceleration. which of the following formula of velocity of kinematic should use?

a. v = vi + at.

b. v² = vi² + 2as.

c. s = vi*t + ½at²

The force that acting upon it to change its state is a ball's movement is able to stop because of an unbalanced force that affects the ball's motion. The unbalanced force is called friction.

In the term of physics, Friction generally can be defined as a type of force that limits motion between two surfaces that are in contact. causing the force to be unbalanced. Friction usually occurs between the grass and the ball.  Frictional force generally can be defined as the force that occurs as a result of the contact of two surfaces due to the displacement of one or both of these objects. There are several examples of friction, Examples of frictional forces such as Pencil and paper friction while writing.  

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University Physics A displacement vector is also a vector quantity as well as the total of all vector quantities given a vector. Therefore, the effect of adding two displacement vectors is another displacement.

Written as d = (x2 - x1)i + (y2 - y1)j, the displacement vector d from P1 to P2 can be understood. The displacement, denoted by the symbol d, consists of (x2 - x1) units in the x-direction and (y2 - y1) units in the y-direction. d = (((x2 - x1)2 + (y2 - y1)2)12 represents the displacement's magnitude. The Pythagorean theorem leads to this.

The reason why displacement is a vector

A physical quantity with both directions and magnitude is referred to as a vector quantity. The fact that displacement has both a magnitude and a direction makes it a vector quantity.

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(i) The wavelength of y = 4 sin (1000πt/λ + 0. 5x), where y and x are in cm and t is in second = 12.56 m

(ii) The speed of the wave = 6280 ./s

(iii) The frequency of the wave = 500 Hz

The wave function y(x,t) = A sin(ωt−Kx), the equation itself can be used to read the amplitude, which equals A. The angular frequency can be used to calculate the wave's period.

A = 4

ω = 1000π

k = 0.5

Hence,

(i) The wavelength:

λ = 2π / k

= 2π / 0.5

= 12.56 m

(i) The speed of the wave:

v = f λ

= (500 Hz x 12.56m)

= 6280 m/s

(iii) The frequency of the wave:

f = ω / 2π

= (1000π) / 2π

= 500 Hz

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Given: [tex]\\$\sum_{i} \boldsymbol{p}_{i}=0$.[/tex] Angular momentum: [tex]\\$$\boldsymbol{J}=\sum_{i} \boldsymbol{r}_{i} \times \boldsymbol{p}_{i}$$[/tex]

A new system of axes: [tex]\\$\boldsymbol{r}_{i}^{\prime}=\boldsymbol{r}_{i}+\boldsymbol{R}$,[/tex] where [tex]$d \boldsymbol{R} / d t=0$[/tex] because we are effecting an instantaneous shift in the axes. Hence, [tex]\\$\boldsymbol{p}_{i}^{\prime}=\boldsymbol{p}_{i}$,[/tex] and

[tex]$$\begin{aligned}\boldsymbol{J}^{\prime} & =\sum_{i} \boldsymbol{r}_{i}^{\prime} \times \boldsymbol{p}_{i}, \\& =\sum_{i}\left(\boldsymbol{r}_{i}+\boldsymbol{R}\right) \times \boldsymbol{p}_{i}, \\& =\sum_{i}\left(\boldsymbol{r}_{i} \times \boldsymbol{p}_{i}+\boldsymbol{R} \times \boldsymbol{p}_{i}\right), \\& =\boldsymbol{J}+\left(\boldsymbol{R} \times \sum_{i} \boldsymbol{p}_{i}\right), \\& =\boldsymbol{J} .\end{aligned}$$[/tex]

A property known as angular momentum describes the rotational inertia of an object or system of objects when they are moving about an axis that may or may not pass through them. The Earth has spin angular momentum from its daily rotation around its axis and orbital angular momentum from its yearly revolution around the Sun.

An accurate explanation of angular momentum necessitates the identification of both a magnitude and a direction because it is a vector quantity. An orbiting object's angular momentum is proportional to its linear momentum, which is the sum of its mass m and linear velocity v, times the perpendicular distance r from the center of rotation to a line drawn parallel to its instantaneous motion and passing through the center of gravity of the object, or simply mvr.

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Q)  Angular momentum : Show that if the total linear momentum of a system of particles is zero, the angular momentum of the system is the same about all origins.

P = 10 hp = 7460 W

W = pt = 7460 × 30 × 60 J = 13.43\times { 10 }^{ 6 } J horsepower.

Just what does one horsepower mean?

horsepower, or the rate at which work is done, is the standard unit of power. According to the British Imperial System, a horsepower is equivalent to 33,000 foot-pounds of work per minute, or the force required to elevate a mass of 33,000 pounds one foot in a minute.

What makes it one horsepower?

In an effort to describe the strength of steam engines, inventor James Watt coined the term "horsepower" in the 1700s. He observed horses carefully and averaged their power output per minute.

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In a series circuit current is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance so if we double the values of voltage and resistance the current should be same.

Series circuit is the circuit where all the components are connected in a single path for the current flow. In series circuit the total resistance is equal to the sum of all the resistance and total voltage drop is equal to the sum of all the voltage drops across the resistors. According to the Ohm’s law voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it. I=V/R where I is current, V is voltage and R is resistance.

In the given question V = 10 v, I = 5 ma R=?

From Ohm’s law  I=V/R        5 =10/R

                             R= 10/5     = 2

If we double the value of voltage and resistance the current=?

V=20v, R= 4 then I=?

I=V/R           =20/4       = 5ma.

The current remains same.

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Positive charges cause lines to radiate outward symmetrically from a point charge. The electric field lines should be getting closer to the charge because it is negative.

It is impossible to consider electric field lines as continuous curves. Electric field lines always point away from a positive charge and towards a negative point. In reality, electric fields start with positive charges and end with negative charges. Field lines never cross one another, too. Positive charge always causes electric lines of force to diverge; conversely, negative charge causes them to converge. If there is no charge present at a given spot, the electric field there is continuous. If there is charge there, the field is also discontinuous.

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The x and y components of vector A are directed along negative X and Y axes respectively having magnitudes 4.330 and 2.5 units respectively.

Let the vector be taken as A.

Magnitude of the vector A = |A| = 5 units

We are aware that the positive X-axis and the negative Y-axis form a 270° anti-clockwise angle.

θ = Angle of vector A with positive X-axis = (270° - 60°) = 210°

So, x component of vector A = A x = |A| × cos 210° = |A| × cos (180° + 30°) = |A| × (- cos 30°) = 5 × (-0.866) = -4.330

And, y component of vector A = Ay = |A| × sin 210° = |A| × sin (180° + 30°) = |A| × (- sin 30°) = 5 × (-0.5) = -2.5

Thus, Ax and Ay both are negative relative to positive X and Y axes respectively. So, the x and y components of vector A are directed along negative X and Y axes respectively with magnitudes 4.330 and 2.5 units respectively.

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Velocity of  first ball is -28m/s , and velocity of second ball is -4m/s.

Velocity is a vector quantity that describes the rate of change of an object's position. It is equal to the displacement of an object divided by the time interval over which the displacement occurred. Velocity has both magnitude and direction, and its units are typically meters per second (m/s). The velocity of an object can change over time due to acceleration, and if an object is moving in a circular path, it also has a component of velocity perpendicular to its direction of motion, known as centripetal velocity.

Given : Coefficient of restitution

[tex]$e=\dfrac{2}{3}$Velocity of mass[/tex]

[tex]$$1 \mathrm{~kg}$ after the collision is given by \\\\$V_1=\dfrac{\left(m_1-e m_2\right) u_1+(1+e) m_2 u_2}{m_1+m_2}$\\Or $\quad V_1=\dfrac{\left(1-\frac{2}{3} \times 2\right) \times 12+\left(1+\frac{2}{3}\right) \times 2 \times(-24)}{1+2}=-28 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$\\[/tex]

[tex]Velocity of mass $2 \mathrm{~kg}$ after the collision is given by \\$V_2=\dfrac{\left(m-e m_1\right) u_2+(1+e) m_1 u_1}{m_1+m_2}$\\Or $\quad V_2=\dfrac{\left(2-\frac{2}{3} \times 1\right) \times(-24)+\left(1+\frac{2}{3}\right) \times 1 \times(12)}{1+2}=-4 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$[/tex]

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(a) Capacitance is =  1.10 x 10^-9 C (b) Magnitude is 2.75 x 10^-7 (c) Energy stored is 3.13 x 10^-6 J (d) New Capacitance is 2.95 x 10^-8 C (e) Charge on each plate is 7.38 x 10^-7 C (f) Energy is  3.70 x 10^-6 J (g) Max. voltage is 8.17 KV.

(a) The capacitance C of a parallel plate capacitor is given by the formula:

C = ε0 x A / d

where ε0 is the vacuum permittivity (8.854 x 10^-12 F/m), A is the area of the plates (0.80 m^2), and d is the separation between the plates (0.040 mm = 0.040 x 10^-3 m).

C = 8.854 x 10^-12 F/m x 0.80 m^2 / (0.040 x 10^-3 m) = 1.10 x 10^-9 F

So, the capacitance of the capacitor is 1.10 x 10^-9 F.

(b) The charge on each plate Q can be found using the formula:

Q = C x V

where V is the voltage applied to the capacitor (25 V).

Q = 1.10 x 10^-9 F x 25 V

= 2.75 x 10^-7 C

So, the magnitude of the charge on each plate is 2.75 x 10^-7 C.

(c) The energy stored in the capacitor can be calculated using the formula:

Energy = (1/2) x C x V^2

Energy = (1/2) x 1.10 x 10^-9 F x 25 V^2

= 3.13 x 10^-6 J

So, the energy stored in the capacitor is 3.13 x 10^-6 J.

(d) The new value of capacitance can be calculated using the formula:

C = εr x ε0 x A / d

where εr is the relative permittivity (310).

C = 310 x 8.854 x 10^-12 F/m x 0.80 m^2 / (0.040 x 10^-3 m)

= 2.95 x 10^-8 F

So, the new value of capacitance is 2.95 x 10^-8 F.

(e) For a voltage of 25 V, the charge on each plate can be found using the formula:

Q = C x V

Q = 2.95 x 10^-8 F x 25 V = 7.38 x 10^-7 C

So, the charge on each plate is 7.38 x 10^-7 C.

(f) The energy stored in the capacitor can be calculated using the formula:

Energy = (1/2) x C x V^2

Energy = (1/2) x 2.95 x 10^-8 F x 25 V^2

= 3.70 x 10^-6 J

So, the energy stored in the capacitor is 3.70 x 10^-6 J.

(g) The maximum voltage that can be placed across the capacitor can be calculated using the formula:

Vmax = d x ε x E / ε0

where ε is the dielectric constant (310), E is the electric field strength (8.0 kV/mm), and d is the separation between the plates (0.040 mm = 0.040 x 10^-3 m).

Vmax = 0.040 x 10^-3 m x 310 x 8.0 kV/mm / (8.854 x 10^-12 F/m)

= 8.17 kV

So, the maximum voltage that can be placed across the capacitor is 8.17 kV.

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Finding the area of a velocity-versus-time graph will reveal the displacement because velocity is equal to the product of the displacement and the time. Finding the area of a graph of acceleration vs. time will give you the change in velocity because acceleration is equal to the velocity change divided by the time.

As the word constant denotes steadiness, the graph of velocity vs. time for constant acceleration shows that the acceleration is constant throughout the motion; however, we can determine the change in velocity of a body for a given period by calculating the slope of the plotted curve on the V-T graph. If an item experiences this kind of acceleration, the graph that is drawn will have a linear slope, and these curves are used to calculate only variable velocity.

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